Observed climate conditions for September to November (SON) 2025

Rainfall

Recent rainfall totals

Moderate to high rainfall amounts of exceeding 500mm was observed in a few areas in western parts of Ethiopia, a few pockets in western South Sudan, western Uganda and in parts of western Kenya.

Moderate rainfall amounts of between 201-500mm were observed in a wide band surrounding the darkest green area, covering most of countries highlighted above.

Light rainfall between 11 - 200 mm was observed in several parts of southern Sudan, western Eritrea, in northeastern, central, eastern and southern Ethiopia, northern Somalia, in northeastern Uganda, central, southern and coastal parts of Kenya, several parts of Somalia, and in western and coastal parts of Tanzania.

No rainfall or less than 10mm was observed in northern Sudan, northwestern parts of Kenya, and central and southern parts of Tanzania.

Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately dry to severely dry conditions were observed in the major parts of the region including Sudan, southeastern Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, S. Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania.

Moderate wet to severely wet rainfall conditions were observed in the border regions of Sudan and Ethiopia, a few pockets in Ethiopia, some parts in coastal Somalia, and a few areas in southern Tanzania.

Usual rainfall conditions were observed in the rest of the region.

Recent rainfall anomalies

Drier than usual conditions were observed in the Horn of Africa region including Kenya, Ethiopia and Somalia, in Tanzania, parts of Uganda, a few pockets in S. Sudan and Sudan.

Wetter than and much wetter than usual conditions were observed in the eastern parts of Sudan, western Eritrea, in northwestern Ethiopia and a few pockets in southern Tanzania.

Usual rainfall conditions were observed in much of the rest of the region.

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Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately dry to severely dry conditions were observed in southern parts of Sudan, in several parts of South Sudan, Ethiopia and Djibouti, in northern and central Somalia, and in coastal and southern Eritrea.

Moderate wet …

MJJ - 2025 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately dry to severely dry conditions were observed in several parts of Rwanda and Burundi, in northwestern, western and central Tanzania, in southeastern Kenya, in several parts of Uganda, in southern and parts of northern …

MJJ - 2024 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderate to severely wetter than usual rainfall conditions were in western and southwestern Sudan, in central Eritrea, in some parts of coastal Djibouti, in parts of northeastern Somalia, in a few places in western, southern …

MJJ - 2023 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderate to severely wet rainfall conditions were observed in parts of western, central and eastern Sudan, in part of northwest South Sudan, in western Eritrea, and in parts of northern and western of Ethiopia.

Usual …

MJJ - 2022 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately dry to extremely dry conditions were observed in several parts of the region including Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, western and southern South Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, western and southern Tanzania, and parts of Rwanda and Burundi. …

NDJ - (2024 - 2025) Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderate to extremely wet rainfall conditions were observed several parts of Tanzania, in eastern parts of Uganda, in western and northern coast of Kenya, in southern Burundi, and in parts of southwestern and central Ethiopia. …

NDJ - (2023 - 2024) Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderate to severely wetter than usual rainfall conditions were observed in southern parts of South Sudan, north-central and western parts of Uganda, parts of western Kenya, and western and north-western parts of Tanzania.

Moderately drier …

NDJ - (2022 - 2023) Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Wetter to severely wetter than usual conditions observed in western Ethiopia, parts of north-western Tanzania, eastern Burundi, south-eastern Rwanda, and a few isolated areas of eastern Kenya.

Normal rainfall conditions observed in Sudan, South Sudan, …

NDJ - (2021 - 2022) Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately dry to severely dry conditions were observed in southern Ethiopia, in several parts of Somalia in isolated parts of western and central Uganda, in part of northwestern South Sudan, in central to eastern Sudan, …

OND - 2024 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderate to extremely wet rainfall conditions were observed western Eritrea, in parts of eastern and southern Sudan, in western, northwestern, southern and eastern Ethiopia, in several parts of Somalia, and South Sudan, in northeastern, eastern, …

OND - 2023 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately to severely wetter than usual rainfall conditions were observed in a few areas in south-eastern Sudan, western Ethiopia, central and south-central South Sudan, south-western and western parts of Uganda, parts of western Kenya, north-western …

OND - 2022 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index
  • Moderate to severely wetter than usual rainfall conditions were observed in a few areas in western South Sudan; north-east and central parts Ethiopia, south-west Uganda, southern Burundi and northwest Tanzania.
  • Usual rainfall conditions were observed …
OND - 2021 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index
  • Moderately wetter to severely wetter than usual conditions observed in western Sudan, southern and eastern parts of South Sudan; south-eastern, eastern and north-eastern Uganda; and central and northern costal parts of Tanzania.
  • Usual rainfall conditions …
OND - 2020 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately dry to severely dry conditions were observed in the major parts of the region including Sudan, southeastern Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, S. Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania.

Moderate wet to severely wet rainfall conditions were observed …

SON - 2025 Read More
Standardized Precipitation Index
Standardized Precipitation Index

Moderately dry to severely dry conditions were observed in a few pockets in Sudan and western South Sudan, the Horn of Africa region including southeastern Ethiopia, northeastern Kenya and several parts of Somalia, southern parts …

DJF - 2025 Read More